In what ways did the exchange of artistic techniques and materials occur through trade between Indian and Islamic cultures, and how did this exchange impact the art forms in both regions?
How is symbolism used in both Indian and Islamic art to convey religious or philosophical concepts, and what are some examples of these symbolic elements in specific artworks?
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Islamic calligraphy, and how has it been integrated into architectural designs across different regions?
In what ways have religious themes and iconography in Hinduism and Buddhism been represented in traditional Indian painting and sculpture over the centuries?
How have miniature paintings, such as those found in Persian and Mughal traditions, contributed to the cultural exchange between Indian and Islamic art forms?
What role do geometric patterns and arabesques play in Islamic art, and how do these elements compare to the decorative motifs found in Indian artwork?
**What are the key characteristics that distinguish Mughal art and architecture from other Indian art forms, and how did Islamic influences shape this style?
2. **How does the use of calligraphy in Islamic art compare to the role of symbolism in Indian art, and what cultural or religious significance do each hold within their respective traditions?
