3. **How does calligraphy function as a central element in Islamic art, and how has it influenced Indian art forms, particularly during the medieval period?
2. **What are the key characteristics and differences between Persian miniature painting and Indian miniature painting, particularly in the context of Mughal art?
How have modern Indian and Islamic artists incorporated or reacted against traditional artistic forms to create contemporary works that resonate with today's globalized society?
What role did patronage play in the creation of Islamic art, particularly with regard to the commissioning of manuscripts, textiles, and architectural projects?
How do traditional motifs and symbols in Indian art reflect the country's diverse cultural and religious heritage, and what are some examples of these motifs?
These questions explore the rich tapestry of artistic traditions within Indian and Islamic cultures, highlighting the interactions and unique elements that define them.?
5. **How do Islamic geometric patterns reflect the principles of Islamic art, and what mathematical concepts are utilized in their creation and design?
